Causes of Recurrent Abortion in the First Trimester

– Chromosomal Abnormalities

One of the most common causes of recurrent miscarriage in the first trimester is chromosomal abnormalities. These abnormalities can be due to errors in the chromosomes of either parent or may develop during the formation of the embryo.

In fact, chromosomal issues account for approximately 50-60% of miscarriages during the first trimester.

– Uterine Abnormalities

Another cause of recurrent miscarriage in the first trimester is abnormalities in the uterus.

These can include congenital uterine anomalies, such as a septate uterus or bicornuate uterus, which can interfere with the proper implantation and development of the embryo.

Acquired uterine abnormalities, such as fibroids, polyps, or adhesions, can also contribute to miscarriage risk by disrupting the uterine lining or hindering blood flow to the developing fetus

– Hormonal Imbalances

Hormones play an essential role in maintaining a healthy pregnancy. Imbalances in hormones, such as progesterone and thyroid hormones, can lead to miscarriage.

Progesterone is crucial for preparing the uterine lining for implantation and supporting early pregnancy, while thyroid hormones help regulate metabolism and energy production.

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) may also experience hormonal imbalances that increase their risk of miscarriage

– Immunological Factors

In some cases, a woman’s immune system may mistakenly attack the developing fetus, leading to miscarriage.

Conditions such as antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and autoimmune diseases like lupus can cause the body to produce antibodies that increase the risk of blood clots and placental insufficiency, which can result in recurrent miscarriage

– Infections

Certain infections, particularly those affecting the reproductive tract, can increase the risk of miscarriage. Chlamydia, gonorrhoea, and bacterial vaginosis are examples of infections that can lead to inflammation and damage to the reproductive organs, increasing the likelihood of pregnancy loss

– Lifestyle Factors

Lifestyle factors, such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and drug use, can contribute to miscarriage risk.

These substances can negatively affect the health of the sperm and egg, as well as the developing fetus.

Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise and a balanced diet, can help reduce the risk of miscarriage.